(1)创建字体:
DirectX提供一个字体类，它为我们抽象了整个过程，从而让我们可以少关注流程(比如满载字体的位图图像)而花更多的时间在游戏的代码上。ID3DXFont接口用于创建字
体，其指针版本已经预定义好了。
1 LPD3DFONT font；
我们将使用一个名为D3DXCreateFontIndirect的函数来创建字体并且为字体打印做准备。不过在这之前，我们必须先使用D3DXFONT_DESC结构来时
只想要的字体属性。
(2)字体描述符:
D3DXFONT_DESC结构由以下属性组成：
* INT Height
* UINT Width
* UINT Weight
* UINT MipLevels
* BOOL Italic
* BYTE CharSet
* BYTE OutputPrecision
* BYTE Quality
* BYTE PitchAndFamily
* CHAR FaceName[LF_FACESIZE]
不要被吓到，因为大多数都设为0或者是默认值。只有两个属性真正重要的：Height和FaceName。一下是一个示例，他被初始化成Arial 24点
字体的值
D3DXFONT_DESC desc = { 24, //height 0, //width 0, //weight 0, //miplevels false, //italic DEFAULT_CHARSET, //charset OUT_TT_PRECIS, //output precision CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, //quality DEFAULT_PITCH, //pitch and family "Arial" //font name }; (3)创建字体对象：
在设置完字体描述符后，就可以使用D3DCreateFontIndirect函数来创建字体对象了。这个函数有三个参数：
* Direct3D设备
* D3DXFONT_DESC
* LPD3DXFONT
(4)可重用的MakeFont函数:
我们来将所有的这些代码放在一个可重用的函数中，然后添加到游戏库中。这个函数需要字体名称以及自体点尺寸作为参数，它返回一个指向
LPD3DXFONT对象的指针。
1 LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size) 2 { 3 LPD3DXFONT font = NULL; 4 D3DXFONT_DESC desc = { 5 size, //height 6 0, //width 7 0, //weight 8 0, //miplevels 9 false, //italic10 DEFAULT_CHARSET, //charset11 OUT_TT_PRECIS, //output precision12 CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, //quality13 DEFAULT_PITCH, //pitch and family14 "" //font name15 };16 strcpy(desc.FaceName, name.c_str());17 D3DXCreateFontIndirect(d3ddev, &desc, &font);18 return font;19 }
(5)使用ID3DXFont打印文本:
我们已经学习了创建字体对象的方法，但还不知道如何用它将文本打印到屏幕上。这是将要学习的内容。巍峨使用一个已有的字体来打印文本(
这个字体先前创建并初始化过)，可以使用ID3DXFont::DrawText()函数。此函数需要的属性如下:
* LPD3DXSPRITE pSprite 精灵渲染对象
* LPCSTR pString 要打印的文本
* INT count 文本长度
* LPRECT pRect 指定位置和边界的矩形
* DWORD format 比如DT_WORDBREAK这样的格式化选项
* D3DCOLOR color 文本的输出颜色
(6)使用DrawText打印:
我们假设已经创建了名为“font”的字体对象，并且使用DrawText函数打印一些东西.当然一个好的方法是将这些代码包装成一个可重用的函数。
如下所示:
1 void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color)2 {3 //figure out the text boundary4 RECT rect = { x, y, 0, 0 };5 font->DrawText(NULL, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_CALCRECT, color);6 //print the text7 font->DrawText(spriteobj, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_LEFT, color);8 }
(7)文本折行:
1 RECT rect = { 60,250,350,700 }; //分别是左，上，右，下2 D3DCOLOR white = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255);3 string text = "This is a long string that will be ";4 text += "wrapped inside a rectangle.";5 fontTimesNewRoman40->DrawText(spriteobj, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_WORDBREAK, white);
(8)总代码:
MyDirectX.h：
1 #pragma once 2 //header files 3 #define WIN32_EXTRA_LEAN 4 #define DIRECTINPUT_VERSION 0x0800 5 #include6 #include 7 #include 8 #include 9 #include 10 #include 11 #include 12 #include 13 using namespace std; 14 15 //libraries 16 #pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib") 17 #pragma comment(lib,"user32.lib") 18 #pragma comment(lib,"gdi32.lib") 19 #pragma comment(lib,"dxguid.lib") 20 #pragma comment(lib,"d3d9.lib") 21 #pragma comment(lib,"d3dx9.lib") 22 #pragma comment(lib,"dinput8.lib") 23 #pragma comment(lib,"xinput.lib") 24 25 //program values 26 extern const string APPTITLE; 27 extern const int SCREENW; 28 extern const int SCREENH; 29 extern bool gameover; 30 31 //macro to detect key presses 32 #define KEY_DOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0) 33 34 //Direct3D objects 35 extern LPDIRECT3D9 d3d; 36 extern LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev; 37 extern LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backbuffer; 38 extern LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj; 39 40 //Direct3D functions 41 bool Direct3D_Init(HWND hwnd, int width, int height, bool fullscreen); 42 void Direct3D_Shutdown(); 43 LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 LoadSurface(string filename); 44 void DrawSurface(LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 dest, float x, float y, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 source); 45 D3DXVECTOR2 GetBitmapSize(string filename); 46 LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 LoadTexture(string filename, D3DCOLOR transcolor = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0)); 47 void Sprite_Draw_Frame(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture, int destx, int desty, int framenum, int framew, int frameh, int columns); 48 void Sprite_Animate(int &frame, int startframe, int endframe, int direction, int &starttime, int delay); 49 void Sprite_Transform_Draw(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 image, int x, int y, int width, int height, int frame = 0, int columns = 1, 50 float rotation = 0.0f, float scaling = 1.0f, D3DCOLOR color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255)); 51 52 //DirectInput objects, devices, and states 53 extern LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput; 54 extern LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dimouse; 55 extern LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dikeyboard; 56 extern DIMOUSESTATE mouse_state; 57 extern XINPUT_GAMEPAD controllers[4]; 58 59 //DirectInput functions 60 bool DirectInput_Init(HWND); 61 void DirectInput_Update(); 62 void DirectInput_Shutdown(); 63 bool Key_Down(int); 64 int Mouse_Button(int); 65 int Mouse_X(); 66 int Mouse_Y(); 67 void XInput_Vibrate(int contNum = 0, int amount = 65535); 68 bool XInput_Controller_Found(); 69 70 //game functions 71 bool Game_Init(HWND window); 72 void Game_Run(HWND window); 73 void Game_End(); 74 75 //sprite structure 76 struct SPRITE { 77 float x, y; 78 int frame, columns; 79 int width, height; 80 float scaling, rotation; 81 int startframe, endframe; 82 int starttime, delay; 83 int direction; 84 float velx, vely; 85 D3DCOLOR color; 86 SPRITE() 87 { 88 frame = 0; 89 columns = 1; 90 width = height = 0; 91 scaling = 1.0f; 92 rotation = 0.0f; 93 startframe = endframe = 0; 94 direction = 1; 95 starttime = delay = 0; 96 velx = vely = 0.0f; 97 color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255); 98 } 99 };100 //bouding box collision detection101 int Collision(SPRITE sprite1, SPRITE sprite2);102 103 //font function104 LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size);105 void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));
MyDirectX.cpp:
1 #include "MyDirectX.h" 2 #include3 using namespace std; 4 5 //Direct3D variables 6 LPDIRECT3D9 d3d = NULL; 7 LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev = NULL; 8 LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backbuffer = NULL; 9 LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj; 10 11 //DirectInput variables 12 LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput = NULL; 13 LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dimouse = NULL; 14 LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dikeyboard = NULL; 15 DIMOUSESTATE mouse_state; 16 char keys[256]; 17 XINPUT_GAMEPAD controllers[4]; 18 19 20 bool Direct3D_Init(HWND window, int width, int height, bool fullscreen) 21 { 22 //initialize Direct3D 23 d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION); 24 if (!d3d) return false; 25 26 //set Direct3D presentation parameters 27 D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp; 28 ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp)); 29 d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = window; 30 d3dpp.Windowed = (!fullscreen); 31 d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; 32 d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = 1; 33 d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8; 34 d3dpp.Flags = D3DPRESENTFLAG_DISCARD_DEPTHSTENCIL; 35 d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE; 36 d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8; 37 d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1; 38 d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width; 39 d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height; 40 41 //create Direct3D device 42 d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, window, 43 D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &d3ddev); 44 if (!d3ddev) return false; 45 46 47 //get a pointer to the back buffer surface 48 d3ddev->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &backbuffer); 49 50 //create sprite object 51 D3DXCreateSprite(d3ddev, &spriteobj); 52 53 return 1; 54 } 55 56 void Direct3D_Shutdown() 57 { 58 if (spriteobj) spriteobj->Release(); 59 60 if (d3ddev) d3ddev->Release(); 61 if (d3d) d3d->Release(); 62 } 63 64 void DrawSurface(LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 dest, float x, float y, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 source) 65 { 66 //get width/height from source surface 67 D3DSURFACE_DESC desc; 68 source->GetDesc(&desc); 69 70 //create rects for drawing 71 RECT source_rect = { 0, 0, (long)desc.Width, (long)desc.Height }; 72 RECT dest_rect = { (long)x, (long)y, (long)x + desc.Width, (long)y + desc.Height }; 73 74 //draw the source surface onto the dest 75 d3ddev->StretchRect(source, &source_rect, dest, &dest_rect, D3DTEXF_NONE); 76 77 } 78 79 LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 LoadSurface(string filename) 80 { 81 LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 image = NULL; 82 83 //get width and height from bitmap file 84 D3DXIMAGE_INFO info; 85 HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info); 86 if (result != D3D_OK) 87 return NULL; 88 89 //create surface 90 result = d3ddev->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface( 91 info.Width, //width of the surface 92 info.Height, //height of the surface 93 D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8, //surface format 94 D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, //memory pool to use 95 &image, //pointer to the surface 96 NULL); //reserved (always NULL) 97 98 if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL; 99 100 //load surface from file into newly created surface101 result = D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(102 image, //destination surface103 NULL, //destination palette104 NULL, //destination rectangle105 filename.c_str(), //source filename106 NULL, //source rectangle107 D3DX_DEFAULT, //controls how image is filtered108 D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), //for transparency (0 for none)109 NULL); //source image info (usually NULL)110 111 //make sure file was loaded okay112 if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;113 114 return image;115 }116 117 118 D3DXVECTOR2 GetBitmapSize(string filename)119 {120 D3DXIMAGE_INFO info;121 D3DXVECTOR2 size = D3DXVECTOR2(0.0f, 0.0f);122 123 HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info);124 125 if (result == D3D_OK)126 size = D3DXVECTOR2((float)info.Width, (float)info.Height);127 else128 size = D3DXVECTOR2((float)info.Width, (float)info.Height);129 130 return size;131 }132 133 LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 LoadTexture(std::string filename, D3DCOLOR transcolor)134 {135 LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture = NULL;136 137 //get width and height from bitmap file138 D3DXIMAGE_INFO info;139 HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info);140 if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;141 142 //create the new texture by loading a bitmap image file143 D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(144 d3ddev, //Direct3D device object145 filename.c_str(), //bitmap filename146 info.Width, //bitmap image width147 info.Height, //bitmap image height148 1, //mip-map levels (1 for no chain)149 D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, //the type of surface (standard)150 D3DFMT_UNKNOWN, //surface format (default)151 D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, //memory class for the texture152 D3DX_DEFAULT, //image filter153 D3DX_DEFAULT, //mip filter154 transcolor, //color key for transparency155 &info, //bitmap file info (from loaded file)156 NULL, //color palette157 &texture); //destination texture158 159 //make sure the bitmap textre was loaded correctly160 if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;161 162 return texture;163 }164 165 166 bool DirectInput_Init(HWND hwnd)167 {168 //initialize DirectInput object169 DirectInput8Create(170 GetModuleHandle(NULL),171 DIRECTINPUT_VERSION,172 IID_IDirectInput8,173 (void**)&dinput,174 NULL);175 176 //initialize the keyboard177 dinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &dikeyboard, NULL);178 dikeyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard);179 dikeyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND);180 dikeyboard->Acquire();181 182 //initialize the mouse183 dinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysMouse, &dimouse, NULL);184 dimouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIMouse);185 dimouse->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND);186 dimouse->Acquire();187 d3ddev->ShowCursor(false);188 189 return true;190 }191 192 void DirectInput_Update()193 {194 //update mouse195 dimouse->Poll();196 if (!SUCCEEDED(dimouse->GetDeviceState(sizeof(DIMOUSESTATE), &mouse_state)))197 {198 //mouse device lose, try to re-acquire199 dimouse->Acquire();200 }201 202 //update keyboard203 dikeyboard->Poll();204 if (!SUCCEEDED(dikeyboard->GetDeviceState(256, (LPVOID)&keys)))205 {206 //keyboard device lost, try to re-acquire207 dikeyboard->Acquire();208 }209 210 //update controllers211 for (int i = 0; i< 4; i++)212 {213 ZeroMemory(&controllers[i], sizeof(XINPUT_STATE));214 215 //get the state of the controller216 XINPUT_STATE state;217 DWORD result = XInputGetState(i, &state);218 219 //store state in global controllers array220 if (result == 0) controllers[i] = state.Gamepad;221 }222 }223 224 225 int Mouse_X()226 {227 return mouse_state.lX;228 }229 230 int Mouse_Y()231 {232 return mouse_state.lY;233 }234 235 int Mouse_Button(int button)236 {237 return mouse_state.rgbButtons[button] & 0x80;238 }239 240 bool Key_Down(int key)241 {242 return (bool)(keys[key] & 0x80);243 }244 245 246 void DirectInput_Shutdown()247 {248 if (dikeyboard)249 {250 dikeyboard->Unacquire();251 dikeyboard->Release();252 dikeyboard = NULL;253 }254 if (dimouse)255 {256 dimouse->Unacquire();257 dimouse->Release();258 dimouse = NULL;259 }260 }261 262 bool XInput_Controller_Found()263 {264 XINPUT_CAPABILITIES caps;265 ZeroMemory(&caps, sizeof(XINPUT_CAPABILITIES));266 XInputGetCapabilities(0, XINPUT_FLAG_GAMEPAD, &caps);267 if (caps.Type != 0) return false;268 269 return true;270 }271 272 void XInput_Vibrate(int contNum, int amount)273 {274 XINPUT_VIBRATION vibration;275 ZeroMemory(&vibration, sizeof(XINPUT_VIBRATION));276 vibration.wLeftMotorSpeed = amount;277 vibration.wRightMotorSpeed = amount;278 XInputSetState(contNum, &vibration);279 }280 void Sprite_Draw_Frame(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture, int destx, int desty, int framenum, int framew, int frameh, int columns)281 {282 D3DXVECTOR3 position((float)destx, (float)desty, 0);283 D3DCOLOR white = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255);284 285 RECT rect;286 rect.left = (framenum % columns) * framew;287 rect.top = (framenum / columns) * frameh;288 rect.right = rect.left + framew;289 rect.bottom = rect.top + frameh;290 291 spriteobj->Draw(texture, &rect, NULL, &position, white);292 }293 294 void Sprite_Animate(int &frame, int startframe, int endframe, int direction, int &starttime, int delay)295 {296 if ((int)GetTickCount() > starttime + delay)297 {298 starttime = GetTickCount();299 300 frame += direction;301 if (frame > endframe) frame = startframe;302 if (frame < startframe) frame = endframe;303 }304 }305 void Sprite_Transform_Draw(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 image, int x, int y, int width, int height, int frame, int columns, float rotation, float scaling, D3DCOLOR color)306 {307 //create a scale vector308 D3DXVECTOR2 scale(scaling, scaling);309 //create a translate vector310 D3DXVECTOR2 trans(x, y);311 //set center by dividing width and height by two312 D3DXVECTOR2 center((float)(width * scaling) / 2, (float)(height * scaling) / 2);313 //create 2D transformation matrix314 D3DXMATRIX mat;315 D3DXMatrixTransformation2D(&mat, NULL, 0, &scale, ¢er, rotation, &trans);316 317 //tell sprite object to use the transform318 spriteobj->SetTransform(&mat);319 //calculate frame location in source image320 int fx = (frame % columns) * width;321 int fy = (frame / columns) * height;322 RECT srcRect = { fx, fy, fx + width, fy + height };323 //draw the sprite frame324 spriteobj->Draw(image, &srcRect, NULL, NULL, color);325 }326 327 //bouding box collision detection328 int Collision(SPRITE sprite1, SPRITE sprite2)329 {330 RECT rect1;331 rect1.left = (long)sprite1.x;332 rect1.top = (long)sprite1.y;333 rect1.right = (long)sprite1.x + sprite1.width + sprite1.scaling;334 rect1.bottom = (long)sprite1.y + sprite1.height + sprite1.scaling;335 336 RECT rect2;337 rect2.left = (long)sprite2.x;338 rect2.top = (long)sprite2.y;339 rect2.right = (long)sprite2.x + sprite2.width + sprite2.scaling;340 rect2.bottom = (long)sprite2.y + sprite2.height + sprite2.scaling;341 342 RECT dest; //ignored343 return IntersectRect(&dest, &rect1, &rect2);344 }345 LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size)346 {347 LPD3DXFONT font = NULL;348 D3DXFONT_DESC desc = {349 size, //height350 0, //width351 0, //weight352 0, //miplevels353 false, //italic354 DEFAULT_CHARSET, //charset355 OUT_TT_PRECIS, //output precision356 CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, //quality357 DEFAULT_PITCH, //pitch and family358 "" //font name359 };360 strcpy(desc.FaceName, name.c_str());361 D3DXCreateFontIndirect(d3ddev, &desc, &font);362 return font;363 }364 void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color)365 {366 //figure out the text boundary367 RECT rect = { x, y, 0, 0 };368 font->DrawText(NULL, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_CALCRECT, color);369 //print the text370 font->DrawText(spriteobj, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_LEFT, color);371 }
MyGame.cpp:
1 #include "MyDirectX.h" 2 3 const string APPTITLE = "Font Demo"; 4 const int SCREENW = 1024; 5 const int SCREENH = 768; 6 //declare some font objects 7 LPD3DXFONT fontArial124 = NULL; 8 LPD3DXFONT fontGaramond36 = NULL; 9 LPD3DXFONT fontTimesNewRoman40 = NULL;10 11 bool Game_Init(HWND window)12 {13 //initialize Direct3D14 if (!Direct3D_Init(window, SCREENW, SCREENH, false))15 {16 MessageBox(0, "Error initializing Direct3D", "ERROR", 0);17 return false;18 }19 20 //initialize DirectInput21 if (!DirectInput_Init(window))22 {23 MessageBox(0, "Error initializing DirectInput", "ERROR", 0);24 return false;25 }26 //create some fonts27 fontArial124 = MakeFont("Arial", 24);28 fontGaramond36 = MakeFont("Garamond", 36);29 fontTimesNewRoman40 = MakeFont("Times New Roman", 40);30 return true;31 }32 33 void Game_Run(HWND window)34 {35 //make sure the Direct3D device is valid36 if (!d3ddev) return;37 38 //update input devices39 DirectInput_Update();40 41 //clear the scene42 d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 100), 1.0f, 0);43 44 //start rendering45 if (d3ddev->BeginScene())46 {47 //begin sprite rendering48 spriteobj->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND);49 //demonstrate font output50 FontPrint(fontArial124, 60, 50, "This is the Arial 24 font printed with ID3DXFont");51 FontPrint(fontGaramond36, 60, 100, "The text can be printed in any color like this magenta!", D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255));52 FontPrint(fontTimesNewRoman40, 60, 150, "Or how about bright green instead?", D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 0));53 54 //demonstrate text wrapping inside a rectangular region55 RECT rect = { 60,250,350,700 };56 D3DCOLOR white = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255);57 string text = "This is a long string that will be ";58 text += "wrapped inside a rectangle.";59 fontTimesNewRoman40->DrawText(spriteobj, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_WORDBREAK, white);60 61 //stop sprite rendering62 spriteobj->End();63 //stop rendering64 d3ddev->EndScene();65 d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);66 }67 68 //Escape key ends program69 if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE)) gameover = true;70 71 //controller Back button also ends72 if (controllers[0].wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_BACK)73 gameover = true;74 }75 76 void Game_End()77 {78 //free memory and shut down79 if (fontArial124) fontArial124->Release();80 if (fontGaramond36) fontGaramond36->Release();81 if (fontTimesNewRoman40) fontTimesNewRoman40->Release();82 83 DirectInput_Shutdown();84 Direct3D_Shutdown();85 }
MyWindows.cpp:
1 #include "MyDirectX.h" 2 using namespace std; 3 bool gameover = false; 4 5 6 LRESULT WINAPI WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) 7 { 8 switch (msg) 9 {10 case WM_DESTROY:11 gameover = true;12 PostQuitMessage(0);13 return 0;14 }15 return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);16 }17 18 19 int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)20 {21 //initialize window settings22 WNDCLASSEX wc;23 wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);24 wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;25 wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WinProc;26 wc.cbClsExtra = 0;27 wc.cbWndExtra = 0;28 wc.hInstance = hInstance;29 wc.hIcon = NULL;30 wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);31 wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);32 wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;33 wc.lpszClassName = APPTITLE.c_str();34 wc.hIconSm = NULL;35 RegisterClassEx(&wc);36 37 //create a new window38 HWND window = CreateWindow(APPTITLE.c_str(), APPTITLE.c_str(),39 WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,40 SCREENW, SCREENH, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);41 if (window == 0) return 0;42 43 //display the window44 ShowWindow(window, nCmdShow);45 UpdateWindow(window);46 47 //initialize the game48 if (!Game_Init(window)) return 0;49 50 // main message loop51 MSG message;52 while (!gameover)53 {54 if (PeekMessage(&message, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))55 {56 TranslateMessage(&message);57 DispatchMessage(&message);58 }59 60 //process game loop 61 Game_Run(window);62 }63 64 //shutdown65 Game_End();66 return message.wParam;67 } 显示结果:
